INTENSIVE WHEAT MANAGEMENT STUDY

INTENSIVE HARD RED SPRING WHEAT MANAGEMENT STUDY

Robert G. Hall, Kevin K. Kirby, and Glenda Piechowski

 

INTRODUCTION

 

Some growers are changing to more intensive management in hopes of increasing the yield and quality of their hard red spring wheat.  Two input factors they have increased are (1) seeding rate and (2) level of nitrogen fertility.

 

Purpose:  Evaluate the response of hard red spring wheat to (1) high seeding rates and (2) to a level of nitrogen fertility equal to a common yield goal for the local area and an elevated yield goal of 100 bushels per acre.

 

MATERIALS & METHODS

 

This study was conducted at two locations from 2003 to 2004 (Table 1).  The South Shore study was located on the Orrin Korth farm on Hwy-77 adjacent to the southern border of the NE Research Farm.  The Warner study was located on the Allen and Inel Ryckman Farm, five miles east and a mile south of Warner, SD.   Common N-yield goals (NYG) included 50 and 64 bu/ac at Warner and South Shore, respectively.  A high 100 bu/ac yield goal was used at both sites.  Varieties included Forge, Oxen, Walworth, and the experimental line SD3623.  Seeding rates included a recommended 1X rate of 28 pure-live-seeds (PLS)/ft2, an intermediate 1.5X rate (42 PLS), and a  high 2X rate (56 PLS).

 

The common and high NYG levels were calculated using the soil test results and recommendations indicated in Table 1. A total of 250 of N (soil test N + applied N) is recommended for a 100 bu/ac NYG.  Soil tests at South Shore and Warner indicated available nitrogen (N) levels of 161 and 65 lb/ac, respectively.  At South Shore, no additional N was applied to attain the 64 bu/ac NYG while an additional 60 pounds of N was added to attain the 50 bu/ac NYG at Warner.  The test results also indicated an additional 90 lb/ac of N was needed at South Shore and 185 lb/ac of N was needed at Warner to attain the 100 bu/ac NYG at both locations.  Additional fertility needed to attain a given NYG was applied just before the planting. Nitrogen fertilizer was supplied as 35-18-0 and urea (46-0-0) and P was supplied as diammonium phosphate (18-46-0).

 

Plots were 5 feet wide by 20 feet long and were seeded with a small plot cone-drill.  The experimental design at both locations was a stratified split-split plot design.  The design factors included variety, seeding rate, and level of N-fertility as defined by yield goal.  There were 54 total plots per location (4 varieties or experimental lines x 2 NYG levels x 3 seeding rates x 3 blocks = 72).  Seeding was accomplished by the cone-drill in two stages.  First, any additional fertilizer was applied; then plots were then seeded.

 

Fungicide treatments included Tilt, applied at 2.0 oz/ac at first leaf and again at flag leaf emergence; and Folicur, applied at 4.0 oz/ac at the initial flowering stage (Feekes, 10.51).  Tilt was applied at Warner on May 14 and June 11; and at South Shore on May 19 and June11, at the first leaf and flag emergence stages, respectively.  Folicur was applied during flowering at Warner on June 20 and South Shore on June 24.  Weed control included Puma (.5 pt/ac) and Bronate (1 pt/ac) applied by label instructions.

 

Plots were harvested with a Wintersteiger Elite small plot combine.  Prior to combining, two 4-foot sections of row were randomly selected within each plot.  Plants within these two sections were pulled by hand and grouped into a composite sample.  The samples were then used to determine what effects variety, seeding rate, and NYG level have on the density variables spikes (heads)/ft2, seeds/spike, seeds/lb, and spikes/seed kernel.  The first three density variables indicate if the treatments influence yield by affecting spikes/ft2, seeds/spike, and seeds/lb (seed size).  The last variable spikes/seed kernel was calculated to determine if treatments affected the number of spikes produced/seed kernel planted. The number of spikes and seeds (seed counter) in each sample were counted.  Spikes/ft2, spikes/seed kernel, seeds/spike and seeds/lb (seed size) was then calculated.  Each sample and combined plot yield was added together to obtain the final plot yield.  Significant treatment effects and interactions (.05 level of probability) were identified using mixed analysis procedures from the Statistical Analysis System.  Temperature and rainfall data is listed for the nearest weather station in Table 2.

 

Table 1.  Materials & methods used at both test locations in 2003 and 2004. 

 

Materials

Location

South Shore

Warner

Year:

                    2003                                        2004

Variety (maturity, days):

Forge (-1),  Oxen (2),  Walworth (2),  SD3623 (2)

Seeding rate/ft2:

1X (28 pure-live-seeds, PLS),   1.5X (42PLS),   2X (56PLS)

Seeding date:            2003/2004

April 15/April 12

April 8/April 2

Yield goal bu/ac:          Common

64

50

                                            High

100

100

Fungicides applied (fl oz/ac):

                        (1) 2 oz Tilt, 1st leaf

                        (2) 2 oz Tilt, flag leaf emergence

                        (3) 4 oz Folicur, initial flowering

 

 

Herbicides applied (pt/ac):

Puma (0.5) & Bronate (1.0)

 

 

 

 

Table 2.  Temperature and rainfall levels for 2003 growing season starting April 1.

 

 

Reporting

date

Location

South Shore – N.E. Research Farm

Aberdeen Airport

Avg. Temp. - o F.

Total Rainfall. – in.

Avg. Temp. -  o F.

Total Rainfall – in.

Avg.

DFN*

Avg.

DFN*

Avg.

DFN*

Avg.

DFN*

April 27

44.4

  + 1.4

1.40

-  0.35

43

- 9

1.34

- 0.40

June 1

53.0

  + 2.8

5.04

+ 0.35

53

- 9

4.19

- 0.26

June 29

62.8

   - 2.4

6.22

- 2.24

80

   + 9

     10.76

+ 3.35

July 27

69.6

   - 0.8

7.95

- 1.67

71

   - 3

12.68

+ 2.74

Aug. 31

70.4

 + 2.4

9.56

- 4.78

72

  0

14.33

 + 1.94

* Departure from normal – DFN.  South Dakota Weekly Weather Crop Report, SDASS.

 

 

RESULTS & DISCUSSION

 

This study was conducted under conditions where four varieties, three seeding rates, and two N-yield goals were imposed.  Fungicides were applied to limit plant disease.

 

In general, the growing season weather at South Shore was near average in temperature but below average in rainfall.  In contrast, at Warner, the weather was below average in temperature and near average in rainfall for April to May.   In June temperatures rose above average then cooled down below average in July.  During both June and July rainfall totals were well above average.  At Warner, this combination of a cool spring and below average temperatures in July along with above average rainfall in June and July closely approximated an ideal growing season for small grain compared the hotter and drier climate at South Shore.   A grain yield average of 60 and 39 bu/ac and test weight average of 60 and 56 lb/bu at Warner and South Shore, respectively, is indicative of the better small growing season at Warner.   

At South Shore (Tables 3a and 4a), there were significant main effects for variety (V), seeding rate (SR), and N-yield goal (NYG); and for the two-way effect for V x SR.  Likewise, at Warner (Tables 3b and 4b), there were significant were main effects for V, SR, and NYG; and the two-way effects for V x SR and V x NYG.

 

Variety Performance Variables – Main effects:

 

Variety effect:  At South Shore (Table 3a), variety did not affect yield and lodging, but did affect test weight, protein, or plant height.  SD3623 exhibited the highest test weight.  The protein content for Oxen and Walworth were high while SD3623 was low.

 

At Warner (Table 3b), only yield, plant height, and lodging were significantly affected by variety.  Oxen produced the highest while Forge produced the lowest yield.  SD3623 was the tallest variety while Walworth and Oxen were the shortest. SD3623 exhibited the most while Oxen exhibited the least lodging.

 

On average, the grain yield at South Shore where it was drier was about 20 bu less than at Warner.  This lack of a variety effect on yield at South Shore was likely the result of limited growing season rainfall.  This lack of moisture likely caused the yielding ability of the varieties to be reduced so variety yield differences were not detected.

 

 Seeding rate (SR) effect:  At South Shore (Table 3a), all the variety performance variables were affected by SR.  Both the 1X and the 1.5X SR yielded more, was higher in test weight, and was taller than if seeded at the 2X rate.  In contrast, The 2X SR produced higher protein values compared to the other rates.  However, the 2X SR produced the most while the 1X rate produced the least lodging.

 

Table 3a.  Main effect means for variety, seeding rate, and N-yield goal and their effect

                 on HR spring wheat performance variables at South Shore, SD.

 

 

Treatment Effects

Variety performance variables

Yield

bu/ac

Test Wt.

lb/bu

Protein

%

Height

inch

Lodging

%

Year (Y):

 

 

 

 

 

                 2003

40a*

56a

16.2a

31b

2 a

                 2004

69b

60b

13.9b

39a

3 b

Variety (V):

 

 

 

 

 

 Forge      

54 b

58 b

15.0 b

36

2 a

         Oxen

52 b

56 c

15.2 ab

32

2 a

                 Walworth

51 b

57 bc

15.5 a

34

2 a

                 SD3623

59 a

60 a

14.6 c

37

3 b

Seeding rate (SR):

NS

 

 

 

 

1X (28) - recommended

55

58a

14.8 c

35 a

2 a

  1.5X (42) - intermediate

56

58a

15.0 b

35 a

2 a

      2X (56) - high

52

57b

15.3 a

34 b

3 b

N-yield goal (YG) :

NS

NS

 

NS

NS

              64 bu/ac

55

58

14.9 b

35

2

                  100 bu/ac

54

58

15.2 a

35

2

*Values followed by the same letter in bold type do not differ significantly (.05 level).

 

 

 

 

 

Table 3b.  Two-way effect means for year, variety, seeding rate, and N-yield goal and

                 their effect on spring wheat performance variables at South Shore, SD.

 

Treatment Effects

Variety performance variables

Yield

bu/ac

Test Wt.

lb/bu

Protein

%

Height

inch

Lodging

%

 

2003

2004

2003

2004

2003

2004

2003

2004

2003

2004

V x Y:

 

 

 

 

NS

NS

NS

NS

 

 

Forge

37a*

71b

55b

61a

-

-

-

-

2.2a

1.9a

   Oxen

42a

63c

55b

58c

-

-

-

-

1.8a

2.4a

Walworth

38a

65c

55b

59b

-

-

-

-

1.9a

3.5c

SD3623

41a

77a

58a

61a

-

-

-

-

2.3a

2.5b

SR x Y:

 

 

NS

NS

 

 

 

 

NS

NS

1X (28)

41a

69a

57a

60

15.9b

13.8a

31a

40a

-

-

1.5X (42)

42a

70a

56b

60

16.1b

13.9a

31a

39a

-

-

      2X (56)

36b

68a

55c

60

16.7a

13.9a

29b

39a

-

-

YG x Y:

 

NS

NS

NS

 

 

NS

NS

-

NS

64 bu/ac

-

 

-

-

15.9b

13.8a

-

-

-

-

  100 bu/ac

-

 

-

-

16.5a

13.9a

-

-

-

-

*Values followed by the same letter in bold type do not differ significantly (.05 level).

 

 

Table 3c.  Three-way effect means for year, variety, seeding rate, and N-yield goal and

                 their effect on spring wheat performance variables at South Shore, SD.

 

Treatment Effects

Variety performance variables

Test Wt.  lb/bu

Protein  %

Lodging  %

SR x V x Y:

2003

2004

2003

2004

2003

2004

   1X – Forge

57 b*

61 a

15.8 e

14.0 abc

1.83 a

1.83 a

            Oxen

56 c

57 e

16.1 cde

13.6 c

1.67 a

1.83 a

      Walworth

55 d

60 b

16.7 ab

13.9 bc

1.67 a

2.33 abc

        SD3623

58 a

61 a

15.2 f

13.5 c

2.0 ab

2.17 abc

    1.5X – Forge

56 c

61 a

15.9 de

14.0 abc

2.17 ab

2.00 ab

                Oxen

55 d

58 d

16.4 bc

13.9 bc

1.83 a

2.33 abc

          Walworth

55 d

59 c

16.5 bc

14.2 ab

2.0 ab

3.67 cd

            SD3623

58 a

61 a

15.4 ef

13.5 c

2.17 ab

2.17 abc

         2X – Forge

53 f

61 a

16.4 bc

13.9 bc

2.67 ab

2.00 ab

                  Oxen

54 d

58 d

17.1 a

13.9 bc

1.83 a

3.00 bc

           Walworth

56 c

60 b

17.0 a

14.5 a

2.17 ab

4.50 d

              SD3623

57 b

61 a

16.3 bcd

13.5 c

2.83 b

3.17 c

*Values followed by the same letter in bold type do not differ significantly (.05 level).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table 4a.  Main effect means for variety, seeding rate, and N-yield goal and their effect

                 on HR spring wheat performance variables at Warner, SD.

 

 

Treatment Effects

Variety performance variables

Yield

bu/ac

Test Wt.

lb/bu

Protein

%

Height

inch

Lodging

%

Year (Y):

 

NS

 

 

NS

                 2003

60a*

61

15.6a

35 b

3.0

                 2004

65b

60

13.4b

38 a

3.0

Variety (V):

 

NS

 

 

NS

 Forge      

59c

61

14.6ab

37b

2.7a

         Oxen

65a

60

14.4ab

35c

2.8ab

                 Walworth

62b

61

14.8a

35c

3.4c

                 SD3623

65a

61

14.0b

40a

3.2b

Seeding rate (SR):

NS

NS

NS

 

 

1X (28) - recommended

55

61

14.5

37 a

2.6a

  1.5X (42) - intermediate

56

61

14.5

37 a

2.9b

      2X (56) - high

52

60

14.4

36 b

3.5c

N-yield goal (YG) :

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

              64 bu/ac

55

61

14.2

37

3

                   100 bu/ac

54

60

14.7

37

3

*Values followed by the same letter in bold type do not differ significantly (.05 level).

 

 

Table 4b.  Two-way effect means for year, variety, seeding rate, and N-yield goal and

                 their effect on spring wheat performance variables at Warner, SD.

 

 

Treatment Effects

Variety performance variables

Height

inch

Lodging

%

Lodging

%

SR x Y:

2003

2004

2003

2004

 

1X (28) – 2003

35 a

40 a

2.3a*

2.9a

 

    1.5X (42) – 2003

35 a

38 b

2.8b

2.9a

 

             2X (56) – 2003

36 a

37 c

3.8c

3.3b

 

SR x V:

 

 

 

 

 

1X - Forge

 

 

 

 

2.2a

       Oxen

 

 

 

 

2.5a

       Walworth

 

 

 

 

3.2a

        SD3623

 

 

 

 

2.7a

       1.5X - Forge

 

 

 

 

2.5m

                  Oxen

 

 

 

 

2.5m

                  Walworth

 

 

 

 

3.4n

                  SD3623

 

 

 

 

3.1n

                 2X – Forge

 

 

 

 

3.3z

                          Oxen

 

 

 

 

3.3z

                         Walworth

 

 

 

 

3.7z

                         SD3623

 

 

 

 

3.8z

*Values followed by the same letter in bold type do not differ significantly (.05 level).

 

 

At Warner (Table 3b), protein and lodging were affected by SR, but not yield, test weight, or height.  Protein values were highest for the 1X SR and lowest for the 2X rate.  Lodging was highest at the 2X SR and lowest at the 1X rate.

 

Again, as with the variety effect, the response of yield to the seeding rate effect differed between the two locations.  There was no effect of seeding rate on yield at Warner where rainfall was plentiful and temperatures were below average in late spring.  This lack of yield response to seeding rate is not surprising since plentiful moisture likely cause seedling competition for moisture among the seeding rates to be minimal.  In contrast, the effect of seeding rate on yield was significant at South Shore where seasonal moisture was well below average.  In this case, where seedling competition for moisture was likely high, the effect of seeding rate was more evident and significant.

 

N-yield goal (NYG) effect:  At South Shore (Table 3a), protein content was the only variety performance variable affected by NYG.  Increasing the yield goal from 64 to 100 lb/ac increased the protein content of the grain.  At Warner (Table 3b) however, NYG affected both the protein content and the lodging percentage.  Again, increasing NYG from 50 to 100 lb/ac increased the grain protein content; but it also increased lodging.

 

Variety Performance Variables – Two-way effects:

 

Variety x seeding rate (SR) effect:  At South Shore (Table 3a), this interaction affected

test weight.  Both the 1X and 1.5X SR produced higher test weight grain than the 2X rate for the varieties Forge, Oxen, and SD3623; but not for the variety Walworth.

 

At Warner (Table 3b), the variety x SR effect was only significant for lodging.  Across all varieties the 1X SR exhibited the least lodging and the 2X rate the most lodging.

 

Variety x N-yield goal (NYG) effect:  This effect was not evident at South Shore; but did affect plant height at Warner (Table 3b).  The effect was only significant for the variety Forge, where the 100 bu/ac NYG resulted in taller plants than did the 50 bu/ac NYG.

 

Yield Variables – Main effects:

 

At South Shore (Table 4a), the impact of the main effects of variety and seeding rate (SR) were only significant for the yield variables seeds/ft2, spikes/ft2, seeds/spike, and spikes/seed kernel.  The variety Forge produced significantly fewer seeds/ft2 than the other varieties.  The varieties Oxen and Walworth produced more spikes/ft2 and spikes/seed kernel than did Forge and SD3623.  The experimental line SD3623 produced significantly more seeds/spike than the other varieties. 

 

The effect of SR on seeds/ft2 and spikes/ft2 tended to be inversely related.  The 1X SR produced more seeds/ft2 than the 2X rate.  In contrast, the 2X SR produced more spikes/ft2 than the 1X rate.   Seeds/spike and spikes/seed kernel responded to SR similarly.  In both variables, the 1X SR produced more seeds and spikes than did the 2X rate.  In addition, neither the effect of variety or SR affected seeds/lb or seed size.  The effect of N-yield goal (NYG) was not significant for any yield density variable. 

 

At Warner (Table 4b) the effect of variety was significant only for the yield variable seeds/spike.  Seeds/spike was highest for Walworth and lowest for Forge and SD3623.  In contrast, the effect of SR was significant for all of the yield variables except seeds/ft2.  The 1X SR produced more seeds/ft2, more seeds/spike, and more spikes/seed kernel than the 1.5X and 2X rates.  In addition, the 1X and the 1.5X SR produced fewer seeds/lb (larger seed size) than the 2X rate.  Again, at Warner, the effect of NYG on the yield variables was not significant.

Variety effect:  At South Shore, all the yield variables, but seeds/lb (seed size), were significantly affected by variety (Table 4a).  Seeds/ft2 was significantly higher for SD3623, Walworth, and Oxen than for Forge.  Spikes/ft2 and spikes/seed kernel were significantly higher for Walworth and Oxen than for SD3623 and Forge.  In the case of spikes/seed kernel, it does not indicate Walworth and Oxen produced more tillers/seed kernel; but it does indicate they produced more spike bearing tillers/seed kernel.  SD3623 produced significantly more seeds/spike that the other varieties.  Walworth and Oxen produced significantly more spikes/seed kernel than SD3623 and Forge.

 

At Warner, seeds/spike was the only yield density significantly affected by variety (Table 4b).  Seeds/spike was highest for Walworth and lowest for SD2623 and Forge.

 

Seeding rate effect:  At South Shore, all the yield density variables but seeds/lb (seed size) was significantly affected by SR (Table 4a).  Seeds/ft2 was significantly higher for both the 1X and 1.5X SR than for the 2X rate.  Spikes/ft2 was significantly higher for the 2X SR and the lower for the 1X rate.  The 1X SR produced the most and the 2X rate the fewest seeds/spike.   Likewise, the 1X SR produced the most and the 2X rate the fewest spikes/seed kernel.

 

Table 5a.  Main effect means for variety, seeding rate, and N-yield goal and their effect

                 on HR spring wheat yield variables at South Shore, SD.

 

Treatment Effects

Yield variables

 

Spikes/ft2

Seeds/spike

Spikes/seed kernel

Seeds/lb

Year (Y):

NS

 

NS

 

                 2003

57

17 b

1.46

20,425 a

                 2004

55

21 a

1.40

15,305 b

Variety (V):

 

 

 

NS

 Forge      

55 bc

20 b

1.39 b

18,680

         Oxen

58 ab

18 c

1.48 a

17,523

                 Walworth

61 a

17 c

1.55 a

17,647

                 SD3623

52 c

22 a

1.30 c

17,610

Seeding rate (SR):

 

 

 

NS

1X (28) - recommended

52 b

21 a

1.87 a

17,058

  1.5X (42) - intermediate

57 a

19 b

1.36 b

17,238

      2X (56) - high

59 a

17 c

1.06 c

19,299

N-yield goal (YG) :

NS

NS

NS

NS

               64 bu/ac

57

19

1.45

18,014

                   100 bu/ac

56

19

1.41

17,716

*Values followed by the same letter in bold type do not differ significantly (.05 level).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table 5b.  Two-way effect means for year, variety, seeding rate, and N-yield goal and

                 their effect on spring wheat performance variables at South Shore, SD.

 

Treatment Effects

Yield variables

Seeds/spike

Seeds/spike

Spikes/seed kernel

 

V x Y:

2003

2004

 

 

 Forge

16 b*

24 a

 

 

       Oxen

17 b

18 b

 

 

            Walworth

16 b

17 b

 

 

               SD3623

20 a

24 a

 

 

SR x V:

 

 

 

 

1X - Forge

 

 

1.84 b

 

       Oxen

 

 

1.94 ab

 

       Walworth

 

 

2.04 a

 

        SD3623

 

 

1.63 c

 

       1.5X - Forge

 

 

1.27 n

 

                  Oxen

 

 

1.42 m

 

                  Walworth

 

 

1.49 m

 

                  SD3623

 

 

1.26 n

 

                 2X – Forge

 

 

1.04 z

 

                          Oxen

 

 

1.07 z

 

                         Walworth

 

 

1.12 z

 

                         SD3623

 

 

1.01 z

 

*Values followed by the same letter in bold type do not differ significantly (.05 level).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table 5b.  Three-way effect means for year, variety, seeding rate, and N-yield goal and

                 their effect on spring wheat yield variables at South Shore, SD.

 

Treatment Effects

Yield variables

Spikes/ft2

Seeds/spike

Spikes/seed kernel

SR x V x Y:

2003

2004

2003

2004

2003

2004

   1X – Forge

51 bc

52 c

19 bc

25 ab

1.82 bc

1.87 a

            Oxen

56 b

53 bc

20 b

21 de

1.99 b

1.89 a

      Walworth

61 a

54 bc

18 bcd

19 ef

2.17 a

1.91 a

        SD3623

48 c

43 d

23 a

27 a

1.72 c

1.54 b

    1.5X – Forge

50 c

56 bc

16 def

24 bc

1.19 fg

1.34 c

                Oxen

60 b

60 ab

17 cde

16 gh

1.42 e

1.42 bc

          Walworth

69 a

57 bc

15 efg

16 gh

1.64d

1.34 c

            SD3623

52 c

53 bc

20 b

23 bcd

1.24 f

1.27 c

           2X – Forge

58 b

60 ab

14 fg

23 bcd

1.03 g

1.07 d

                    Oxen

65 a

55 bc

13 g

18 fg

1.16 f

0.98 d

             Walworth

58 b

67a

16 def

15 h

1.04 g

1.19 c

                SD3623

58 b

55 bc

18 bcd

22 cd

1.04 g

0.98 d

YG x V x Y:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 50 bu./a – Forge

56 bc

53 cde

 

 

1.42 bcd

1.36 cd

                   Oxen

62 ab

57 abc

 

 

1.60 a

1.48 abc

            Walworth

61 ab

62 a

 

 

1.56 ab

1.57 a

              SD3623

52 c

51 de

 

 

1.30 def

1.29 d

 100 bu./a– Forge

50 c

59 ab

 

 

1.27 f

1.49 ab

                    Oxen

58 b

54 cde

 

 

1.45 bc

1.38 bcd

              Walworth

65 a

50 e

 

 

1.67 a

1.40 bcd

              SD3623

54bc

56 bcd

 

 

1.38 def

1.24 d

*Values followed by the same letter in bold type do not differ significantly (.05 level).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table 5b.  Three-way effect means at South Shore, SD (continued).

 

 

 

Treatment Effects

Yield variables

Spikes/ft2

Spikes/seed kernel

Seeds/spike

 

2003

 

2004

 

2003

 

2004

50 bu/a

100 bu/a

Yield goal

Yield goal

YG x SR x Y:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 50 bu./a – 1X

54 b*

54 b

1.92 a

1.92 a

 

 

               1.5X

59 a

54 b

1.41 b

1.29 c

 

 

                  2X

61 a

60 a

1.09 c

1.07 d

 

 

      100 bu./a– 1X

54 b

47 c

1.94 a

1.69 b

 

 

                     1.5X

56 b

59 a

1.34 b

1.40 c

 

 

                        2X

59 a

59 a

1.04 c

1.04 d

 

 

SR x VxYG:

 

 

 

 

 

 

1X - Forge

 

 

 

 

21 b

22 bc

        Oxen

 

 

 

 

18 cde

23 ab

  Walworth

 

 

 

 

19 bcd

17 def

     SD3623

 

 

 

 

25 a

25 a

  1.5X - Forge

 

 

 

 

21 b

19 d

              Oxen

 

 

 

 

17 def

16 ef

        Walworth

 

 

 

 

15 f

16 ef

          SD3623

 

 

 

 

21 b

22 a

          2X - Forge