Research

2003

Winter wheat breeding and genetics research continues to focus on line development, characterization and applied studies in areas with potential to contribute to variety release.  Crossing and germplasm enhancement efforts continue to address hard red and white winter wheat end-use quality, and important constraints facing producers in the Northern Great Plains (Fusarium head blight, wheat streak mosaic virus, tan spot and Septoria leaf spot, leaf and stem rust, spouting tolerance, coleoptile length, and winter hardiness).

Rapid line advancement, checked by screening for sprouting tolerance, winter hardiness, and stem and leaf rust resistance, resulted in the advancement of two Hard White Winter Wheat (HWWW) lines ‘SD99W015’ (KS82W418/SPN/3/KS82W422/SWM754308//KS831182/KS82W422) and ‘SD97W671-1’ (Rio Blanco/Rose) to Crop Performance Trials (CPT) for the year 2003.  Another two HWWW lines ‘SD97W604’ (SD89333/Abilene) and ‘SD97W609’ (Abilene/Karl) were tested in 2002 CPT for the third consecutive year.  Foundation seed of SD97W604 has been purified with intention to release this year.  SD97W609 will be purified this year with intention to release in 2004.  ‘Expedition’ (tested as SD97457) hard red winter wheat (Tomahawk/Bennett) was released to seed producers in August 2002.  Expedition was released for its excellent winter survival ability and high yield potential in South Dakota and the Northern Great Plains.  It is positioned as a replacement for ‘Alliance’ and a complement to ‘Wesley’ in South Dakota environments.

We have established a proactive effort to develop Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistant hard winter wheat varieties and germ plasm.  A mist-irrigated scab evaluation nursery was used to evaluate elite breeding lines, regional nurseries, commercial varieties, and segregating populations.  In 2002 we continued investigating planting schemes to determine if direct seeded row materials are affected differently than transplanted hill plots when they are inoculated with FHB.  Preliminary results indicated significant correlations between the two methods (r = 0.60; P < 0.05).  However, there was a smaller experimental error (CV = 14.7%) associated with direct seeded rows testing compared to transplanted hills (CV = 22.9%).  These results indicate that delayed direct seeding could replace transplanting for screening for FHB tolerance.  However, transplanted hills should be used if improper weather conditions prevent successful direct seeded nursery.  We started screening lines for type II resistance using point inoculation in the greenhouse.  We started forming a complex scab population for breeding purposes and for distributing bulked seed to interested breeding programs in the region.  Parents have been selected based on resistance to FHB and other diseases prevalent in the region, high yield potential, superior quality, winter survival ability and other agronomic traits.

Ibrahim, A.M.H., S.D. Haley, Y. Jin, M.A.C. Langham, S. Kalsbeck, R. Little, B. Hall, C. Stymiest, J. Rickertsen, O.K. Chung, B.W. Seabourn, D.V. McVey and J.H. Hatchett. 2003. Registration of ‘Expedition’ Wheat.  In review for submission to Crop Sci.

 Gustafson, D.M., L. Peterson, and A. Ibrahim.  2002.  Comparison of FHB development on hard winter wheat using different planting schemes.  p. 247.  In 2002 National Fusarium Head Blight Forum.  Erlanger, KY.

 Winther, D., S.A. Kalsbeck, R.S. Little, and A. M. H. Ibrahim.  2002.  Custom-designed, precision no-till/conventional headrow and plot drill.  ASA Meetings.  Indianapolis, IN. (Poster presentation).

Quick, J.S., Q. A. Khan, and A. M. H. Ibrahim.  2002.  Breeding spring wheat for hot, dry conditions of eastern Colorado.  In 2002 WSCS Meetings, Honolulu, Hawaii.

2002

Winter wheat breeding and genetics research continues to focus on line development and characterization and applied studies in areas with potential to contribute to variety release.  Crossing and germplasm enhancement efforts continue to address hard red and white winter wheat, end-use quality, and important constraints facing producers in the northern Great Plains (Fusarium head blight, wheat streak mosaic and barley yellow dwarf virus, tan spot and Septoria leaf spot, leaf and stem rust, spouting tolerance, coleoptile length, and winter hardiness).

Rapid line advancement, checked by screening for sprouting tolerance, winter hardiness, and stem and leaf rust resistance, resulted in the advancement of two Hard White Winter Wheat (HWWW) lines ‘SD98W198’ (KS82W422/SWM754308//KS831182/KS82W422/3/KS82W418/SPN) and ‘NW98S059’ (KS84W063-9-39-3/NE88427) to Crop Performance trials (CPT) for the year 2002.  Another two HWWW lines ‘SD97W604’ (SD89333/Abilene) and ‘SD97W609’ (Abilene/Karl) are tested in 2002 CPT for the third year in a row.  Foundation seed of SD97W604 and SD97W609 will be purified in 2002 and 2003 with intention to release in 2003 and 2004, respectively.  A hard red winter wheat line ‘SD97457’ (Tomahawk/Bennett) is on foundation seed increase with intention to release in December 2002.  SD97457 had very good yield performance in the last three CPT trials.  It is moderately resistant to stem rust, moderately susceptible to tan spot, and has good milling but average baking quality.  SD97457 will be positioned as a companion to ‘Wesley’ and a replacement to ‘2137’.

We have established a proactive effort to develop Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistant hard winter wheat varieties and germplasm.  A mist-irrigated scab evaluation nursery was used to evaluate elite breeding lines, regional nurseries, commercial varieties, and segregating populations.  In 2001 we investigated planting schemes to determine if direct seeded row materials are affected differently than transplanted hill plots when they are inoculated with FHB.  Preliminary results indicated significant correlations between the two methods.  We will continue to investigate planting schemes in future studies and to evaluate winter lines for FHB tolerance under greenhouse conditions in 2002.

Research on wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) generated valuable information on inoculation techniques and genetic control of tolerance. We studied the mode of inheritance and the type of gene action of WSMV resistance in three crosses involving two susceptible, ‘Tandem’ and ‘Vista’, and one resistant, ‘OK65C93-8’, winter wheat lines. Results indicated that one major single recessive gene and one single dominant gene control the resistance in OK65C93-8.  Additive, dominance, and epistatic effects were involved in the inheritance of WSMV resistance.  Narrow-sense and broad-sense habitability estimates for symptom ratings were intermediate to high (0.43 – 0.91).  A routine WSMV nursery has been established to screen South Dakota CPT and Advanced Yield Trial (AYT) in addition to the NRPN and SRPN regional nurseries.

Gustafson, D.M., L. Peterson, and A. Ibrahim.  2001.  Comparison of FHB development on hard red winter wheat using different planting schemes.  P. 237.  In 2001 National Fusarium Head Blight Forum Proceedings.  Erlanger, KY. 

 Hakizimana, F., M. A. C. Langham, A. M. H. Ibrahim, J. C. Rudd, S. D. Haley.  2001.  Inheritance of tolerance to wheat streak mosaic virus in winter wheat.  P. 82.  In Agronomy abstracts.  ASA, Madison, WI.

 Hakizimana, F., M. C. A. Langham, A. M. H. Ibrahim, J. C. Rudd, and S. D. Haley.  2001.  Evaluation of Winter Wheat Genotypes for Resistance to Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus.  Crop Sci.  (in review)

 Hakizimana, F. M. C. A. Langham, A. M. H. Ibrahim, J. C. Rudd, and S. D. Haley.  2001.  Diallel Analysis of Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus Resistance in Winter Wheat.  Crop Sci. (in review)

 Hakizimana, F., M. C. A. Langham, A. M. H. Ibrahim, J. C. Rudd, and S. D. Haley.  2001.  Inheritance of Resistance to Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus in OK65C93-8 Winter Wheat line.  Crop Sci. (in review)

 Ibrahim, A. M. H., and J.S. Quick.  2001.  Heritability of heat tolerance in winter and spring wheat.  Crop Sci. 44:1401-1405.

 Ibrahim, A. M. H., and J.S. Quick.  2001.  Genetic control of high temperature tolerance in wheat as measured by membrane thermal stability.  Crop Sci.  44:1405-1407.

1999

Winter wheat breeding and genetics research continues to focus on line development and characterization and applied studies in areas with potential to contribute to variety release. ‘Harding’ hard red winter wheat (tested as SD92107) was released to seed producers for planting in fall 1999. Harding is a medium-late maturing variety that combines excellent winter survival ability with  a very broad disease resistance package and above average quality traits.  Harding has shown superior yield performance in situations where winter injury has been an important yield factor and is targeted to productions systems  where the potential for winter injury is of greatest concern. Rapid line advancement, checked by screening for sprouting tolerance and stem-rust resistance, resulted in the advancement of three Hard White Winter Wheat lines to Crop Performance trials for the year 2000. Ongoing research support projects include the development of screening procedures for resistance or tolerance to fusarium head blight and wheat streak mosaic virus. Crossing and germplasm enhancement efforts continue to address hard white winter wheat, end-use quality, and important constraints facing producers in the northern Great Plains (fusarium head blight, wheat streak mosaic and barley yellow dwarf virus, tan spot and septoria leaf spot, leaf and stem rust, and winterhardiness).

 The release of Harding provides a hedge against winter injury with a higher yield potential than was previously available, without sacrificing disease resistance or quality.  The package of traits in Harding makes it valuable in crossing programs in northern areas.  The advancement of hard white lines assures that South Dakota will be ready to mix wheat in with shipments to southeast Asia.

 Haley, S.D., J.L. Gellner, M.A.C. Langham, Y. Jin, S. Kalsbeck, C. Stymiest, J. Rickertsen, R. Little, B.E. Ruden, O.K. Chung, B.W. Seabourn, D.V. McVey and J.H. Hatchett. 2000. Registration of ‘Harding’ Wheat.  Crop Sci. (in press).

 Hesler-L.S., W.E. Riedell, R.W. Kieckhfer, S.D. Haley; R.D. Collins. 1999. Resistance to Rhopalosiphum padi (Homoptera : Aphididae) in Wheat Germplasm Accessions. J. Econ. Ent. 92(5):1234-1238.

 Riedell, W.E., R.W. Kiedkhefer, S.D. Haley, M.A.C. Langham, P.D. Evenson. 1999. Winter Wheat Responses to Bird Cherry-oat Aphids and Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Infection.  Crop Sci. 39(1):158-163.

1997

Winter wheat breeding and genetics research continues to focus on line development and characterization and applied studies in areas with potential to contribute to variety release. ‘Tandem’ (tested as SD89119) and ‘Crimson’ (tested as SD89153) hard red winter wheats were released to seed producers for fall 1997 planting. Tandem and Crimson represent significant improvements in milling and baking quality compared to cultivars presently under production in South Dakota. Tandem is positioned as a replacement for Siouxland and complement to Arapahoe while Crimson is positioned as a replacement for both Rose and Seward (combined, these four cultivars are planted on 80 percent of the acreage in South Dakota). Research on coleoptile length determined that seed source had little effect on repeatability of the coleoptile length screening procedure and that semi-dwarf genotypes with long coleoptiles are present among Great Plains winter wheat breeding programs. Ongoing research support projects include: end-use quality enhancement and development of screening procedures and inheritance studies on resistance or tolerance to tan spot, septoria leaf spot, and wheat streak mosaic virus. Crossing and germplasm enhancement efforts continue to address hard white winter wheat, end-use quality, and important constraints facing producers in the northern Great Plains (wheat streak mosaic and barley yellow dwarf virus, tan spot and septoria leaf spot, leaf and stem rust, and winterhardiness).

BAENZIGER, P.S., B. MORENO-SEVILLA, ET.AL., S.D. Haley, ET.AL. 1998. Registration of ‘Windstar’ wheat. Crop. Sci. (in press).

Plant Science Department  |  College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences  |  South Dakota State University